Loring J. Ingraham
Title — Ph.D.; Fellow of the American Psychological Association (Division 12 - Society of Clinical Psychology)
Current Research
Long-term effects of early environment, Schizophrenia, Research methods
Education
B.A. Yale, 1974
Internship Harvard Medical School, 1982
Ph.D. Catholic University, 1985
Background
Past positions:
Live-in Director, Cornerstone High-Expectancy Half-Way House, New Haven CT
Senior Staff Fellow, Laboratory of Psychology and Psychopathology, NIMH
Publications
Ingraham, L. Will Gutenberg survive? (1978) Science, 199, 122-123.
Notarius, C. I., Wemple, C., Ingraham. L. J., Burns, T. J., and Kollar, E. (1982)
Multichannel responses to an interpersonal stressor: The interrelationships between facial
display, heart rate, self report of emotion and threat appraisal. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 43, 400-408.
Wright, T. L., Ingraham, L. J., and Blackmer, D. A. (1984) The simultaneous study of individual differences and
relationship effects in attraction. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 47, 1059-1062.
Wright, T. L., and Ingraham, L. J. (1985) The simultaneous study of individual differences
And relationship effects in social behavior in groups. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 48, 1041-1047.
Wright, T. L., and Ingraham, L. J. (1985) Satisfaction and things not said: Clinical tools for
group psychotherapists. Journal of Small Group Behavior, 16, 565-572.
Bridge, T. P., Parker, E. P., Ingraham, L., and Bickham, C.E. (1985) Gender effects seen in
the cerebral ventricular/brain ratio(VBR). Biological Psychiatry, 20, 1136-1138.
Wright, T. L. and Ingraham, L. J. (1986) Partners and relationships influence self-perceptions
of self-disclosures in naturalistic interactions. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 50, 631-635.
Wright, T. L. and Ingraham, L. J. (1986) A social relations model test of the interpersonal
circle. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 1285-1290.
Ingraham, L.J. and Wright, T.L. (1986) A cautionary note on the interpretation of relationship
effects in the Social Relations Model. Social Psychology Quarterly, 49, 93-97.
Ingraham, L. J. and Wright, T. L. (1987) A social relations model test of Sullivan's anxiety
hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 1212-1218.
Myslobodsky, M. S., Ingraham, L. J., and Weinberger, D. R. (1987) Skull asymmetry and
handedness in adults: a possibility of their association with lateral head turning in
infancy. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 65, 415-421.
Ingraham. L. J. (1987) A medical approach to psychodiagnosis. (review) Contemporary Psychology, 32, 659-660.
Ingraham, L. J. and Kety, S. S. (1988) Schizophrenia spectrum disorders. In: M. T. Tsuang & J.
C. Simpson (Eds.), Handbook of Schizophrenia Vol. 3. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Ingraham, L. J., Chard, F., Wood, M. & Mirsky, A. F. (1988) An Hebrew language version of
the Stroop test. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 67, 187-192.
Goodwin, F. K., Bridge, P. B., and Ingraham, L. J. (1988) Perspectives on the evolution of
Federal AIDS research Policy. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 24, 330-333.
Subgroup on Neuroscience and Behavior. (1988) Neuroscience and Behavior. In: United States
Public Health Service, Report of the Second Public Health Service AIDS Prevention and
Control Conference. Public Health Reports, 103, Suppl. 1, 72-79.
Bridge, T. P, Heseltine, P. N. R., Parker, E. S., Eaton, E., Ingraham. L. J., Gill, M., Ruff, M.,
Pert, C. B., Goodwin, F. K. (1989) Improvement in AIDS patients on peptide T. Lancet,
II, 226-27.
Daniel, D.G., Myslobodsky, M.S., Ingraham, L.J., Suddath, R., Coppola, R., Weinberger,
D.R. (1989) The relationship of occipital skull asymmetry to brain parenchymal measures
in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 2, 465-72.
Bridge, T. P., Ingraham, L. J. (1990) Central nervous system effects of human immunodeficiency
virus-1. Annual Review of Medicine, 41, 159-68.
Ingraham, L. J., Bridge, T. P, Janssen, R., Stover, E., Mirsky, A. F. (1990) Neuropsychological effects
of early HIV-1 infection: assessment and methodology.
Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 2, 174-82.
Bridge, T. P., Ingraham, L. J., and Goodwin, F. K. (1990) Neuropsychiatry of AIDS: Clinical
presentation and treatment research. In W. E. Bunney, H. Hippius, G. Laakman, M.
Schmauss (Eds.), Neuropsychopharmacology: Proceedings of the XVIth C.I.N.P.
Congress, Munich, 1988 (pp 737-744). Berlin: Springer.
Ingraham, L. J. (1990) (letter) Confounds in CT studies of schizophrenia. British Journal of
Psychiatry, 156, 444-45.
Bridge, T. P. and Ingraham, L. J. (1990) Future studies in psychoneuroimmunology. In D. G.
Ostrow (Ed.), Behavioral Aspects of AIDS, pp. 395-403. New York: Plenum.
Ingraham, L. J., Bridge, T. P., Parker, E. S., Bickham, C. E., and Myslobodsky, M. (1991)
(letter) Cerebral size affects localized density measured by CT. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 48, 178-79.
Ingraham, L. J. (1991) A neuropsychology of psychosis. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 14, 34.
Kugelmass, S., Sohlberg, S., Frankel, E., Nathan, M., Schmueli, J., Marcus, J., Mirsky, A.F.
and Ingraham, L. (1991) (abstract) A reanalysis of the GSR and anxiety measures of the
Israeli High-Risk study. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 11, 49.
Bridge, T. P., Heseltine, P. M. R., Parker, E. S., Eaton, E. M., Ingraham, L. J., McGrail, M. L.
and Goodwin, F. K. (1991) Results of extended peptide T administration in AIDS and
ARC patients. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 27, 237-245.
Mirsky, A. F., Ingraham, L. J., Lowing, P. L. (1992) Childhood stressors, parental expectation,
and the development of schizophrenia. Progress in Experimental Personality and
Psychopathology Research, 15, 110-130.
Ingraham, L. J., Wender, P. H. (1992) Risk for affective disorder and alcohol and other drug
abuse in the relatives of affectively ill adoptees. Journal of Affective Disorders,
26, 45-52.
Kety, S. S. and Ingraham, L. J. (1992) Genetic transmission and improved diagnosis of
schizophrenia from pedigrees of adoptees. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 26, 247-255.
Kety, S. S., Wender, P. H., Jacobsen, B., Ingraham, L. J., Jansson, L., Faber, B., Kinney, D.
(1994) Mental illness in the biological and adoptive relatives of schizophrenic adoptees:
Replication of the Copenhagen study in the rest of Denmark. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 51, 442-455.
Ingraham, L. J., Kugelmass, S., Frenkel, E., Nathan, M., Mirsky, A. F. (1995) Twenty-five-
year followup of the Israeli High-Risk Study: current and lifetime psychopathology.
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21, 183-192.
Mirsky, A. F., Ingraham, L. J., Kugelmass, S. (1995) Neuropsychological assessment of
attention and its pathology in the Israeli cohort. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21, 193-204.
Kugelmass, S., Faber, N., Ingraham, L. J., Frenkel, E., Nathan, M., Mirsky, A.F., Shakhar,
G. B. (1995) A Reanalysis of the SCOR and Anxiety Measures in the Israeli High-Risk
Study. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21, 205-217.
Frenkel, E., Kugelmass, S., Nathan, M., Ingraham, L. J. (1995) Locus of Control and Mental
Health in Adolescence and Adulthood. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21, 219-226.
Mirsky, A. F., Kugelmass, S., Ingraham, L. J., Frenkel, E., Nathan, M. (1995) Overview and
summary: Twenty-five-year followup of high-risk children. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21,
227-239.
Ingraham, L.J. (1995) Family-genetic research and schizotypal personality. In A. Raine, T.
Lencz and S. Mednick (Eds.), Schizotypal Personality, pp. 19-42. Cambridge: Cambridge
U. Press.
Ingraham, L. J., Aiken, C. B. (1996) An empirical approach to determining criteria for
abnormality in test batteries with multiple measures. Neuropsychology, 10, 120-124.
Ingraham, L. J., Chan, T. F. (1996) Is there psychopathology in the co-parents of
schizophrenic adoptees’ half-siblings? Psychological Reports, 79, 1296-1298.
Philibert, R.A., St Jean, P.L., Schork, N.J., Anderson, M.C., Dalwadi, H., Damschroder
-Williams, P.J., Doherty, A.E., Dymarskaia, I., Ehlert, M., Murray, M., Galdzicka, M.,
Ingraham, L. J., Lau, E., Long, R.T., Patel, A., Paul, S.P., Remortel, B.G., Stubblefield,
B.K., Martin, B.M., Allen, C.R., Pauls, D.L., Elston, R.C., Egeland, J.A., Paul, S.M.,
Ginns, E.I. (1997) Update on candidate susceptibility loci identified from a genome-wide
search for chromosome regions linked to bipolar affective disorder in the old order Amish.
American Journal Of Human Genetics 61, 1612 Suppl.
Ginns, E.I., St. Jean, P., Philibert, R., Galdzicka, M., Damschroder-Williams, P., Thiel, B.,
Long, R.T., Ingraham, L.J., Dalwadi, H., Murray, M., Ehlert, M., Paul, S., Remortel,
B.G., Patel, A., Anderson, M.C., Shaio, C., Lau, E., Dysmarskaia, I, Martin, B.M.,
Stubblefield, B.,Falls, K.M., Carulli, J.P., Keith, T.P., Fann, C.S.J., Lacy, L.G., Allen,
C.R., Hostetter, A.M., Elston, R.C., Schork, N.J., Egeland, J.A., & Paul, S.M. (1998).
A genome-wide search for chromosomal loci linked to mental health wellness in relatives
at high risk for bipolar affective disorder among the old order Amish. Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences, 95, 15531- 15536.
Ingraham. L. J. (1999) Theory and research on small groups. (review) Readings: A Journal of
Review and Commentary in Mental Health, 14:1, 30-31.
Lau, E, Tayebi, N., Ingraham, L.J., Winfield, S., Koprivica1, V., Stone, D., Zimran, A.,
Ginns, E. I., & Sidransky, E. (1999) Two novel polymorphic sequences in the
glucocerebrosidase gene region enhance mutation screening and founder effect studies
of patients with Gaucher disease. Human Genetics, 104: 293-300.
Torrey, F., Jablensky, A., Pearlson, G., Knable, M., Adityanjee, Ingraham, L., Africa, B.,
De Lisi, L., Wildenauer, D., Copolov, D., Buka, S., Murray, R., Stevens, J., Jones, P.,
Rund, B., Goldberg, T., Gallhofer, B., Falkai, P., Tsuang, M., Schroder, J., Bogerts, B.,
Friedman, L., Bogerts, B., Lawson, B., Bachus, S., Post, R., Haas, G. (1999)
Stanley Foundation Satellite Symposium, Santa Fe, New Mexico, Saturday, April 17, 1999.
Schizophrenia Research, 39: 159-163.
Ingraham, L.J. (1999) Empirical characterization of the schizophrenia spectrum. In M. Maj and
N. Sartorius (Eds.) Schizophrenia. World Psychiatric Association Series on Evidence and
Experience in Psychiatry, pp 377-379. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Ingraham, L.J. & Kety, S.S. (2000) Adoption studies of schizophrenia. American Journal of
Medical Genetics (Seminars in medical Genetics), 97:18-22.
Ingraham L. J. & Myslobodsky, M. (2000) Coping with uncertainty: what would an animal
model of schizophrenia look like? In M. Myslobodsky & I. Winer (Eds.) Contemporary
Issues in Modeling Psychopathology, pp 275-291. Boston: Kluwer.
Marsh, P.T., Theobald, A., Polson, T., Ingraham, L.J. (2002) Characteristics of Children
Referred to a Therapeutic Nursery Program. Proceedings of Head Start's Sixth Annual
Research Conference, pp 787-788. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Ingraham, L. J. (2003) Schizophrenia: Background, Types and Symptoms. In N. Piotroski (Ed.)
Magill’s Encyclopedia of Social Science: Psychology, pp. 1360-1365. Pasadena:
Salem Press.
Ingraham, L. J. (2003) Schizophrenia: Theoretical Explanations. In N. Piotrowski (Ed.)
Magill’s Encyclopedia of Social Science: Psychology, pp. 1369-1374. Pasadena:
Salem Press.
Nicolson, R., Brookner, F. B., Lenane, M., Gochman, P., Ingraham, L. J., Egan, M. F.,
Kendler, K. S., Pickar, D., Weinberger, D. R., Rapoport, J. L. (2003) Parental
schizophrenia spectrum disorders in childhood-onset and adult-onset schizophrenia.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 163:490-495.
Fritsch, R. C. and Ingraham, L. J. (2003) Remission of personality or remission of symptoms.
Psychiatry, 66:124-128.
Ingraham, L.J. (2005) Parsing the schizophrenia spectrum. In M. Maj and N. Sartorius (Eds.)
Personality Disorders. World Psychiatric Association Series on Evidence and
Experience in Psychiatry, pp. 92-94. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Ingraham, L.J., Auerbach, J., Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L., Fish, B., Hans, S., Marcus, J., McNeil, T.,
Mirsky, A., Schubert, E. (2005). Longitudinal studies of individuals at high-risk
for schizophrenia: Why they were necessary, what they discovered and what remains to
be done. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 31:183.
Erlenmeyer-Kimling, l., Hans, S., Ingraham, L.J., Marcus, J., Wynne, L., Rehman, A.,
Roberts, A., Auerbach, J. (2005) Handedness in children of schizophrenic parents: data
from three high-risk studies. Behavior Genetics, 35: 351-358.
Ingraham, L.J. (2007) Fostering undergraduate engagement in schizophrenia services and
research. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 33, 484.
Ingraham, L.J. (2009) The Enduring Influence of D. Shakow's Neuropsychological
Investigations on Schizophrenia Research. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 35, 285.
Auerbach, J. G., Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L., Fish, B., Hans, S.L., Ingraham, L.J., Marcus, J.,
McNeil, T.F., Schubert, E. (2009) Genetic risks in schizophrenia: Cross-national
Prospective longitudinal high-risk studies. In: Kim, Y-K. Handbook of Behavioral
Genetics, pp. 487- 500. NewYork: Springer.
Myslobodsky, M., Ingraham, L.J. (2009) Managing the pandemic of obesity: Siding with the
fox or the hedgehog? Obesity Facts, 2, 384-392.
Ingraham, L.J. (2011) Likelihood of significant differences between groups when simultaneously
assessing several components of multiple neuropsychological domains. Schizophrenia
Bulletin, 37, 245.
Classes Taught
Severe Pathology
Biological Bases of Behavior
Research Methods
Dean's Seminar: Schizophrenia
Practica